Islam grasps that the Qur’an be revealed from God to Muhammad verbally through the angel Jibrīl (Gabriel) over an era of approximately twenty-three years, start in 610 CE, when he was forty, and concluding in 632 CE, the day of his death. Muslims further believe that the Qur’an was memorized, recited and written downward by Muhammad’s companions after each revelation dictated by Muhammad.

Most of Muhammad’s companions—tens of thousands—learned the Qur’an by heart, repeatedly recited in front of Muhammad for his endorsement or the approval of other Sahaba Muhammad have approved. The companions too compiled it in written shape while Muhammad was alive. Muslim tradition agrees that although the Qur’an was authentically memorized completely by tens of thousands verbally, the Qur’an was motionless established textually into a single book form soon after Muhammad’s death by arrange of the main Caliph Abu Bakr suggested by his future successor Umar

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